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布局

使用我们的表单布局选项为你的表单提供一些结构 - 从内联到水平到自定义网格实现。

目录

表单

¥Forms

每组表单字段都应驻留在 <form> 元素中。Bootstrap 没有为 <form> 元素提供默认样式，但默认提供了一些强大的浏览器功能。

¥Every group of form fields should reside in a <form> element. Bootstrap provides no default styling for the <form> element, but there are some powerful browser features that are provided by default.

  • 浏览器表单新手？考虑查看 MDN 表单文档 以获取可用属性的概述和完整列表。

    ¥New to browser forms? Consider reviewing the MDN form docs for an overview and complete list of available attributes.

  • <form> 中的 <button> 默认为 type="submit"，因此力求具体并始终包含 type。

    ¥<button>s within a <form> default to type="submit", so strive to be specific and always include a type.

由于 Bootstrap 将 display: block 和 width: 100% 应用于几乎所有表单控件，因此默认情况下表单将垂直堆叠。可以使用附加类来根据每个表单改变此布局。

¥Since Bootstrap applies display: block and width: 100% to almost all our form controls, forms will by default stack vertically. Additional classes can be used to vary this layout on a per-form basis.

实用工具

¥Utilities

Margin utilities are the easiest way to add some structure to forms.它们提供标签、控件、可选表单文本和表单验证消息的基本分组。我们建议坚持使用 margin-bottom 工具，并在整个表单中使用单一方向以保持一致性。

¥Margin utilities are the easiest way to add some structure to forms. They provide basic grouping of labels, controls, optional form text, and form validation messaging. We recommend sticking to margin-bottom utilities, and using a single direction throughout the form for consistency.

你可以随意使用 <fieldset>、<div> 或几乎任何其他元素来构建你喜欢的表单。

¥Feel free to build your forms however you like, with <fieldset>s, <div>s, or nearly any other element.

html 
<div class="mb-3">
  <label for="formGroupExampleInput" class="form-label">Example label</label>
  <input type="text" class="form-control" id="formGroupExampleInput" placeholder="Example input placeholder">
</div>
<div class="mb-3">
  <label for="formGroupExampleInput2" class="form-label">Another label</label>
  <input type="text" class="form-control" id="formGroupExampleInput2" placeholder="Another input placeholder">
</div>

表单网格

¥Form grid

可以使用我们的网格类构建更复杂的表单。将它们用于需要多列、不同宽度和其他对齐选项的表单布局。需要启用 $enable-grid-classes Sass 变量（默认情况下处于启用状态）。

¥More complex forms can be built using our grid classes. Use these for form layouts that require multiple columns, varied widths, and additional alignment options. Requires the $enable-grid-classes Sass variable to be enabled (on by default).

html 
<div class="row">
  <div class="col">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="First name" aria-label="First name">
  </div>
  <div class="col">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Last name" aria-label="Last name">
  </div>
</div>

装订线

¥Gutters

通过添加装订线修饰符类，你可以控制内联和块方向的装订线宽度。还需要启用 $enable-grid-classes Sass 变量（默认情况下处于启用状态）。

¥By adding gutter modifier classes, you can have control over the gutter width in as well the inline as block direction. Also requires the $enable-grid-classes Sass variable to be enabled (on by default).

html 
<div class="row g-3">
  <div class="col">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="First name" aria-label="First name">
  </div>
  <div class="col">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Last name" aria-label="Last name">
  </div>
</div>

还可以使用网格系统创建更复杂的布局。

¥More complex layouts can also be created with the grid system.

html 
<form class="row g-3">
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="inputEmail4" class="form-label">Email</label>
    <input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail4">
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="inputPassword4" class="form-label">Password</label>
    <input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword4">
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <label for="inputAddress" class="form-label">Address</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputAddress" placeholder="1234 Main St">
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <label for="inputAddress2" class="form-label">Address 2</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputAddress2" placeholder="Apartment, studio, or floor">
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-6">
    <label for="inputCity" class="form-label">City</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputCity">
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-4">
    <label for="inputState" class="form-label">State</label>
    <select id="inputState" class="form-select">
      <option selected>Choose...</option>
      <option>...</option>
    </select>
  </div>
  <div class="col-md-2">
    <label for="inputZip" class="form-label">Zip</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputZip">
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="gridCheck">
      <label class="form-check-label" for="gridCheck">
        Check me out
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-12">
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
  </div>
</form>

水平表单

¥Horizontal form

通过将 .row 类添加到表单组并使用 .col-*-* 类指定标签和控件的宽度，使用网格创建水平表单。请务必将 .col-form-label 添加到 <label> 中，以便它们与其关联的表单控件垂直居中。

¥Create horizontal forms with the grid by adding the .row class to form groups and using the .col-*-* classes to specify the width of your labels and controls. Be sure to add .col-form-label to your <label>s as well so they’re vertically centered with their associated form controls.

有时，你可能需要使用边距或填充工具来创建所需的完美对齐。例如，我们删除了堆叠单选按钮输入标签上的 padding-top，以更好地对齐文本基线。

¥At times, you maybe need to use margin or padding utilities to create that perfect alignment you need. For example, we’ve removed the padding-top on our stacked radio inputs label to better align the text baseline.

Radios
html 
<form>
  <div class="row mb-3">
    <label for="inputEmail3" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Email</label>
    <div class="col-sm-10">
      <input type="email" class="form-control" id="inputEmail3">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="row mb-3">
    <label for="inputPassword3" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Password</label>
    <div class="col-sm-10">
      <input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword3">
    </div>
  </div>
  <fieldset class="row mb-3">
    <legend class="col-form-label col-sm-2 pt-0">Radios</legend>
    <div class="col-sm-10">
      <div class="form-check">
        <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gridRadios" id="gridRadios1" value="option1" checked>
        <label class="form-check-label" for="gridRadios1">
          First radio
        </label>
      </div>
      <div class="form-check">
        <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gridRadios" id="gridRadios2" value="option2">
        <label class="form-check-label" for="gridRadios2">
          Second radio
        </label>
      </div>
      <div class="form-check disabled">
        <input class="form-check-input" type="radio" name="gridRadios" id="gridRadios3" value="option3" disabled>
        <label class="form-check-label" for="gridRadios3">
          Third disabled radio
        </label>
      </div>
    </div>
  </fieldset>
  <div class="row mb-3">
    <div class="col-sm-10 offset-sm-2">
      <div class="form-check">
        <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="gridCheck1">
        <label class="form-check-label" for="gridCheck1">
          Example checkbox
        </label>
      </div>
    </div>
  </div>
  <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Sign in</button>
</form>

水平表单标签尺寸

¥Horizontal form label sizing

请务必将 .col-form-label-sm 或 .col-form-label-lg 用于 <label> 或 <legend>，以正确遵循 .form-control-lg 和 .form-control-sm 的尺寸。

¥Be sure to use .col-form-label-sm or .col-form-label-lg to your <label>s or <legend>s to correctly follow the size of .form-control-lg and .form-control-sm.

html 
<div class="row mb-3">
  <label for="colFormLabelSm" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label col-form-label-sm">Email</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
    <input type="email" class="form-control form-control-sm" id="colFormLabelSm" placeholder="col-form-label-sm">
  </div>
</div>
<div class="row mb-3">
  <label for="colFormLabel" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label">Email</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
    <input type="email" class="form-control" id="colFormLabel" placeholder="col-form-label">
  </div>
</div>
<div class="row">
  <label for="colFormLabelLg" class="col-sm-2 col-form-label col-form-label-lg">Email</label>
  <div class="col-sm-10">
    <input type="email" class="form-control form-control-lg" id="colFormLabelLg" placeholder="col-form-label-lg">
  </div>
</div>

色谱柱尺寸调整

¥Column sizing

如前面的示例所示，我们的网格系统允许你在 .row 中放置任意数量的 .col。他们会平均分配可用宽度。你还可以选择列的子集来占用更多或更少的空间，而剩余的 .col 则平均分配其余部分，并具有特定的列类（如 .col-sm-7）。

¥As shown in the previous examples, our grid system allows you to place any number of .cols within a .row. They’ll split the available width equally between them. You may also pick a subset of your columns to take up more or less space, while the remaining .cols equally split the rest, with specific column classes like .col-sm-7.

html 
<div class="row g-3">
  <div class="col-sm-7">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="City" aria-label="City">
  </div>
  <div class="col-sm">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="State" aria-label="State">
  </div>
  <div class="col-sm">
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="Zip" aria-label="Zip">
  </div>
</div>

自动调整大小

¥Auto-sizing

下面的示例使用 Flexbox 工具将内容垂直居中，并将 .col 更改为 .col-auto，以便你的列仅占用所需的空间。换句话说，列的大小根据内容自行调整。

¥The example below uses a flexbox utility to vertically center the contents and changes .col to .col-auto so that your columns only take up as much space as needed. Put another way, the column sizes itself based on the contents.

@
html 
<form class="row gy-2 gx-3 align-items-center">
  <div class="col-auto">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="autoSizingInput">Name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="autoSizingInput" placeholder="Jane Doe">
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="autoSizingInputGroup">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group">
      <div class="input-group-text">@</div>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="autoSizingInputGroup" placeholder="Username">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="autoSizingSelect">Preference</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="autoSizingSelect">
      <option selected>Choose...</option>
      <option value="1">One</option>
      <option value="2">Two</option>
      <option value="3">Three</option>
    </select>
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="autoSizingCheck">
      <label class="form-check-label" for="autoSizingCheck">
        Remember me
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
  </div>
</form>

然后，你可以再次将其与特定于大小的列类重新混合。

¥You can then remix that once again with size-specific column classes.

@
html 
<form class="row gx-3 gy-2 align-items-center">
  <div class="col-sm-3">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="specificSizeInputName">Name</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" id="specificSizeInputName" placeholder="Jane Doe">
  </div>
  <div class="col-sm-3">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="specificSizeInputGroupUsername">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group">
      <div class="input-group-text">@</div>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="specificSizeInputGroupUsername" placeholder="Username">
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-sm-3">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="specificSizeSelect">Preference</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="specificSizeSelect">
      <option selected>Choose...</option>
      <option value="1">One</option>
      <option value="2">Two</option>
      <option value="3">Three</option>
    </select>
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="autoSizingCheck2">
      <label class="form-check-label" for="autoSizingCheck2">
        Remember me
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="col-auto">
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
  </div>
</form>

内嵌表单

¥Inline forms

使用 .row-cols-* 类创建响应式水平布局。通过添加装订线修饰符类，我们将在水平和垂直方向上拥有装订线。在狭窄的移动视口上，.col-12 有助于堆叠表单控件等。.align-items-center 将表单元素居中对齐，使 .form-check 正确对齐。

¥Use the .row-cols-* classes to create responsive horizontal layouts. By adding gutter modifier classes, we’ll have gutters in horizontal and vertical directions. On narrow mobile viewports, the .col-12 helps stack the form controls and more. The .align-items-center aligns the form elements to the middle, making the .form-check align properly.

@
html 
<form class="row row-cols-lg-auto g-3 align-items-center">
  <div class="col-12">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="inlineFormInputGroupUsername">Username</label>
    <div class="input-group">
      <div class="input-group-text">@</div>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inlineFormInputGroupUsername" placeholder="Username">
    </div>
  </div>

  <div class="col-12">
    <label class="visually-hidden" for="inlineFormSelectPref">Preference</label>
    <select class="form-select" id="inlineFormSelectPref">
      <option selected>Choose...</option>
      <option value="1">One</option>
      <option value="2">Two</option>
      <option value="3">Three</option>
    </select>
  </div>

  <div class="col-12">
    <div class="form-check">
      <input class="form-check-input" type="checkbox" id="inlineFormCheck">
      <label class="form-check-label" for="inlineFormCheck">
        Remember me
      </label>
    </div>
  </div>

  <div class="col-12">
    <button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">Submit</button>
  </div>
</form>