间距

外边距和填充

🌐 Margin and padding

使用简写类为元素或其部分边分配响应式友好的 margin 或 padding 值。包括对单独属性、所有属性以及垂直和水平属性的支持。类由一个默认的 Sass 映射生成，范围从 .25rem 到 3rem。

🌐 Assign responsive-friendly margin or padding values to an element or a subset of its sides with shorthand classes. Includes support for individual properties, all properties, and vertical and horizontal properties. Classes are built from a default Sass map ranging from .25rem to 3rem.

符号

🌐 Notation

适用于所有断点的间距工具类，从 xs 到 xxl，不包含断点缩写。这是因为这些类从 min-width: 0 开始应用，因此不受媒体查询的限制。然而，其余的断点确实包含断点缩写。

🌐 Spacing utilities that apply to all breakpoints, from xs to xxl, have no breakpoint abbreviation in them. This is because those classes are applied from min-width: 0 and up, and thus are not bound by a media query. The remaining breakpoints, however, do include a breakpoint abbreviation.

这些类的命名格式为 {property}{sides}-{size} 对应 xs，而 {property}{sides}-{breakpoint}-{size} 对应 sm、md、lg、xl 和 xxl。

🌐 The classes are named using the format {property}{sides}-{size} for xs and {property}{sides}-{breakpoint}-{size} for sm, md, lg, xl, and xxl.

其中 property 为以下之一：

🌐 Where property is one of:

• m - 对于设置了 margin 的类
• p - 对于设置了 padding 的类

其中 sides 是以下之一：

🌐 Where sides is one of:

• t - 对于设置了 margin-top 或 padding-top 的类
• b - 用于设置 margin-bottom 或 padding-bottom 的类
• s - (开始) 对于在 LTR 中设置 margin-left 或 padding-left，在 RTL 中设置 margin-right 或 padding-right 的类
• e - （结束）适用于在 LTR 中设置 margin-right 或 padding-right，在 RTL 中设置 margin-left 或 padding-left 的类
• x - 对于同时设置 *-left 和 *-right 的类
• y - 对于同时设置 *-top 和 *-bottom 的类
• 空白 - 用于在元素的四个边设置 margin 或 padding 的类

其中 size 为以下之一：

🌐 Where size is one of:

• 0 - 对于通过将 margin 或 padding 设置为 0 来消除它的类
• 1 - （默认情况下）对于将 margin 或 padding 设置为 $spacer * .25 的类
• 2 - （默认情况下）对于将 margin 或 padding 设置为 $spacer * .5 的类
• 3 - （默认情况下）对于将 margin 或 padding 设置为 $spacer 的类
• 4 - （默认情况下）对于将 margin 或 padding 设置为 $spacer * 1.5 的类
• 5 - （默认情况下）对于将 margin 或 padding 设置为 $spacer * 3 的类
• auto - 对于将 margin 设置为自动的类

(你可以通过向 $spacers Sass 映射变量添加条目来增加更多尺寸。)

示例

🌐 Examples

以下是这些类的一些代表性示例：

🌐 Here are some representative examples of these classes:

.mt-0 {
  margin-top: 0 !important;
}

.ms-1 {
  margin-left: ($spacer * .25) !important;
}

.px-2 {
  padding-left: ($spacer * .5) !important;
  padding-right: ($spacer * .5) !important;
}

.p-3 {
  padding: $spacer !important;
}

水平居中

🌐 Horizontal centering

此外，Bootstrap 还包含一个 .mx-auto 类，用于水平居中固定宽度的块级内容——也就是说，具有 display: block 和 width 设置的内容——通过将水平外边距设置为 auto。

🌐 Additionally, Bootstrap also includes an .mx-auto class for horizontally centering fixed-width block level content—that is, content that has display: block and a width set—by setting the horizontal margins to auto.

<div class="mx-auto p-2" style="width: 200px;">
  Centered element
</div>

负裕度

🌐 Negative margin

在 CSS 中，margin 属性可以使用负值（padding 不可以）。这些负边距 默认是禁用的，但可以通过在 Sass 中设置 $enable-negative-margins: true 来启用。

🌐 In CSS, margin properties can utilize negative values (padding cannot). These negative margins are disabled by default, but can be enabled in Sass by setting $enable-negative-margins: true.

语法几乎与默认的正边距工具相同，但在所需大小前添加了 n。这是一个与 .mt-1 相反的示例类：

🌐 The syntax is nearly the same as the default, positive margin utilities, but with the addition of n before the requested size. Here’s an example class that’s the opposite of .mt-1:

.mt-n1 {
  margin-top: -0.25rem !important;
}

差距

🌐 Gap

在使用 display: grid 或 display: flex 时，你可以在父元素上使用 gap 工具类。这可以节省在网格或弹性容器的各个子元素上添加 margin 工具类的操作。间距工具类默认是响应式的，并通过我们的工具类 API 生成，基于 $spacers Sass 映射。

🌐 When using display: grid or display: flex, you can make use of gap utilities on the parent element. This can save on having to add margin utilities to individual children of a grid or flex container. Gap utilities are responsive by default, and are generated via our utilities API, based on the $spacers Sass map.

<div style="grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;" class="d-grid gap-3">
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 1</div>
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 2</div>
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 3</div>
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 4</div>
</div>

支持包括针对所有 Bootstrap 网格断点的响应式选项，以及来自 $spacers 映射的六种尺寸（0–5）。没有 .gap-auto 工具类，因为它实际上与 .gap-0 相同。

🌐 Support includes responsive options for all of Bootstrap’s grid breakpoints, as well as six sizes from the $spacers map (0–5). There is no .gap-auto utility class as it’s effectively the same as .gap-0.

row-gap

row-gap 设置指定容器中子项之间的垂直间距。

<div style="grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;" class="d-grid gap-0 row-gap-3">
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 1</div>
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 2</div>
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 3</div>
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 4</div>
</div>

column-gap

column-gap 设置指定容器中子项之间的水平间距。

<div style="grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr;" class="d-grid gap-0 column-gap-3">
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 1</div>
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 2</div>
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 3</div>
  <div class="p-2">Grid item 4</div>
</div>

CSS

Sass 映射

🌐 Sass maps

间距工具通过 Sass 映射声明，然后使用我们的工具 API 生成。

🌐 Spacing utilities are declared via Sass map and then generated with our utilities API.

$spacer: 1rem;
$spacers: (
  0: 0,
  1: $spacer * .25,
  2: $spacer * .5,
  3: $spacer,
  4: $spacer * 1.5,
  5: $spacer * 3,
);

Sass 工具 API

🌐 Sass utilities API

间距工具在我们的 scss/_utilities.scss 工具 API 中声明。了解如何使用工具 API。

🌐 Spacing utilities are declared in our utilities API in scss/_utilities.scss. Learn how to use the utilities API.

"margin": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin,
  class: m,
  values: map-merge($spacers, (auto: auto))
),
"margin-x": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-right margin-left,
  class: mx,
  values: map-merge($spacers, (auto: auto))
),
"margin-y": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-top margin-bottom,
  class: my,
  values: map-merge($spacers, (auto: auto))
),
"margin-top": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-top,
  class: mt,
  values: map-merge($spacers, (auto: auto))
),
"margin-end": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-right,
  class: me,
  values: map-merge($spacers, (auto: auto))
),
"margin-bottom": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-bottom,
  class: mb,
  values: map-merge($spacers, (auto: auto))
),
"margin-start": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-left,
  class: ms,
  values: map-merge($spacers, (auto: auto))
),
// Negative margin utilities
"negative-margin": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin,
  class: m,
  values: $negative-spacers
),
"negative-margin-x": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-right margin-left,
  class: mx,
  values: $negative-spacers
),
"negative-margin-y": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-top margin-bottom,
  class: my,
  values: $negative-spacers
),
"negative-margin-top": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-top,
  class: mt,
  values: $negative-spacers
),
"negative-margin-end": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-right,
  class: me,
  values: $negative-spacers
),
"negative-margin-bottom": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-bottom,
  class: mb,
  values: $negative-spacers
),
"negative-margin-start": (
  responsive: true,
  property: margin-left,
  class: ms,
  values: $negative-spacers
),
// Padding utilities
"padding": (
  responsive: true,
  property: padding,
  class: p,
  values: $spacers
),
"padding-x": (
  responsive: true,
  property: padding-right padding-left,
  class: px,
  values: $spacers
),
"padding-y": (
  responsive: true,
  property: padding-top padding-bottom,
  class: py,
  values: $spacers
),
"padding-top": (
  responsive: true,
  property: padding-top,
  class: pt,
  values: $spacers
),
"padding-end": (
  responsive: true,
  property: padding-right,
  class: pe,
  values: $spacers
),
"padding-bottom": (
  responsive: true,
  property: padding-bottom,
  class: pb,
  values: $spacers
),
"padding-start": (
  responsive: true,
  property: padding-left,
  class: ps,
  values: $spacers
),
// Gap utility
"gap": (
  responsive: true,
  property: gap,
  class: gap,
  values: $spacers
),
"row-gap": (
  responsive: true,
  property: row-gap,
  class: row-gap,
  values: $spacers
),
"column-gap": (
  responsive: true,
  property: column-gap,
  class: column-gap,
  values: $spacers
),